Sally Davies

Hi there

         Am doing this today so that you get the grammar all ready to study during the hols!!!

THis week we made a trip into the future and looked at the use of “going to/present prog. and will for future predictions and a decision made at the moment of speaking. Here’s the grammar:

FUTURE

 

FUTURE PLANS (!)

 

We use am/is/are going to + infinitive and the PRESENT CONTINOUS to talk about  plans in the future.

 

We are going to watch TV this evening!

Are you going to eat all that chocolate?

I’m not going to drink any wine at the party tonight!

 

(I decided to do something)                    I’m going to buy a new car!              FUTURE (I do it)

—————————————————————————————————————————-

 You use the PRESENT CONTINUOUS for arrangements, dates, appointments etc.

 

MY DIARYMONDAY  TENNIS 3PM TUESDAY   MEETING WITH JOHN WEDNESDAY LUNCH WITH SUE

 

I’m playing tennis at 3pm on Monday.   (I’m going to play….

I’m meeting John on Tuesday.                  (I’m going to meet…

I’m having lunch with Sue on Wednesday.   (I’m going to have….)

NB It’s not wrong to use the “going to” form in all these sentences but the PRESENT CONTINUOUS is more common!

Also with “go” and “come” we often prefer NOT to use the “going to “ form:

(I’m going to go to London this summer) I’m going to London this summer!

(They’re going to come to my party at the weekend ) becomes

They’re coming to my party at the weekend.

FUTURE 2 (WILL)

WILL is a modal. Will for all forms!

He will (he’ll phone you tomorrow!)

(-) She will not (won’t)

(?) Will you?

Will (‘ll) + infinitive when we decide something at the moment of speaking!  or when we offer to do something! NOT for those already decided (going to/ present continuous)

Quite often we introduce the expression with “ I think/ I don’t think)

 

a)    It’s cold in here! I’ll close the window!

b)    The phone’s ringing! I’ll answer it!

c)     I need some exercise. I think I’ll go for a walk:

Your granny says. “My bag is really heavy!”

You say: “I’ll carry it for you!” (offer decided at that moment!)

NB In Italian, you often use the present simple!

English: I’ll phone you tomorrow cfr Italian “I phone you!”

Cfr

Did you phone Susan?

No, I’m going to call her later! ( already decided!)

No, I forgot. I’ll call her later! (decided now!)

 

 

Will/won’t (predictions) See modals!)

Things that we are sure will happen in the future

I think it’ll rain tomorrow.   NO, it won’t!

I think John will pass the test!! No, he won’t but Susan will!

 

Then we also looked at MAY/MIGHT

 

We use may/ might when we are not sure about the future.

 

It may/might rain tomorrow! (I’m not sure)

John may/ might go to London at Christmas. ( Not sure)

 

 The grammar’s coming hard and fast, so here are the two points you just need to sit down and learn!!

Verb patterns :

Verb patterns    I’d like to go to London cp I like going to LONDON!

INFINiTIVE WITH “TO

GOING TO          WOULD LIKE TO      USED TO

WANT TO           HOPE TO                             PLAN TO

DECIDE TO          OFFER TO                           PROMISE TO

REFUSE TO         INTEND TO

  he hopes to become

 

INFINITIVE WITHOUT “TO”

A)     AFTER AUXILIARIES AND MODALS

DO, DOES, DID   I don’t like eating mushrooms!

CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT, WOULD, will eTC

       I think I’ll go to London

VN  +ING     

A)   ENJOY   STOP FINISH       LIKE/LOVE*  I ENJOY STUDYING English!

I love/like reading

But remember

I’d love to come to your party! Would you like to have a coffee!  ( Specific!!!)

 

B )After a preposition ( at/of/ with etc. ) use the * ing form

I’m thinking OF getting a new phone.

John’ s looking forward TO going to France.

John wasn’t interested in meeting the film star.

And the  the time prepositions  IN  + months/years/seasons/the morning/the afternoon/the evening

ON +  days/dates

AT + time /particular periods (Christmas/Easter etc) /the weekend/night

 

AS regards speaking; you can now talk about the best or worst hotel you stayed; ask and answer about your favourite kind of holiday and say why! ; say dates, birthdays etc.

   So enjoy your weekend and your holiday!

    See you on Wednesday!

      SAllyD

Hi there,

                Hope you had a good weekend.  Just a reminder of what we did last week!

  Apart from Questions/negs, Past and present Simple, we started looking at the use of “used to”.

Used to + infinitive

 Talk about past states and actions that happened many times

 

I used to be a teacher (= now I’m not a teacher!)

I used to play tennis every day! (Now I don’t)

= I played tennis every day!

 

WHAT DID YOU USE TO DO AT WEEKENDS WHEN YOU WERE YOUNG?

I USED TO GO TO CHURCH ON SUNDAYS!

I DIDN’T USE TO GO TO THE DISCO!

 

Then we did a lot of Irregular Verbs – you need to learn them off by heart.

Next week we’re looking at Nouns!!!

    See you tomorrow!

   SAllyD

PS : You can find the KEY to the exercises at the CUEC bookshop!

Well,. we’re off!

So what happened this week! Things you should remember!!!

1) Alphabet

2) Vocabulary; Family words,  classroom words.

3) Asking for personal information.

As regards the grammar;

we looked at the

Present Simple Tense (mainly question forms) of the verb “to be” and other verbs.

And Questions with WHAT + noun(colour , time etc /type of/kind of/sort of  

 HOW +  adjective(old, long,  etc. ) /adverb (well, fast etc. )

HOW MUCH + (wine/water/time etc.)

HOW MANY + Plural Nouns (students, people etc.)

Frequency adverbs: use and position

 

 

QUESTION FORMS 

PRESENT SIMPLE

 

Wh-word	Auxiliary	Subject	Verb
Where	are	you		from?
What	is	your name?
Why	are	they		Sad?
	Do	you	like	pizza?
	Does	she	know	Mike?
What kind of books	do	you	read?
Where	do	you	live?
What	does	your father	do?
What	do	you	eat	for breakfast?

 How often do……..?

Frequency adverbs and phrases

 

Always

Usually

Often

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

 

Position in the Present Simple:

S       adverb    V

She always arrives late.   He often goes to the cinema.

They rarely eat meat.

 

With the verb “to be”

S “to be” adverb

She is       sometimes late.     She always arrives late.

They are     often       hungry.

 

Expressions indicating frequency go at the end of the sentence or at the beginning.

Once a month, Twice a week, three times a day.

We have English classes three times a week.

Three times a week, we have English lessons.    

WHAT DO YOU LIKE DOING IN YOUR FREE TIME?     I LIKE …….

How often do you have English classes?

Hope you had a nice weekend!!

See you tomorrow!

   SAllyD